Stump is Robert J. Henle Professor of Philosophy at Saint Louis University, where her work spans medieval philosophy and contemporary analytic philosophy of religion. Her essay “The Problem of Evil” (1985) engages critically with the free will defenses of Alvin Plantinga and Richard Swinburne before developing her own account rooted in the Thomistic and Anselmian tradition. Her central argument is that any adequate theodicy must do more than identify abstract goods that might justify suffering — it must account for the relationship between God and the specific person who is suffering. A theodicy that satisfies the philosopher’s logical requirements while failing the sufferer’s personal ones has not fully answered the problem.